Pieter Bruegel the Elder and Sons :: essays `papers

Pieter Bruegel the Elder and SonsPieter Bruegel , usually cognize as Pieter Bruegel the Elder to distinguish him from his elder son, was the first in a family of Flemish painters. He spelled his name Brueghel until 1559, and his sons retained the h in the spell out of their names. Pieter Bruegel the Elder, generally considered the greatest Flemish painter of the 16th century, is by utmost the most important member of the family. He was probably born 1529, in Breda in the Duchy of Brabant, now in The Netherlands. He was accepted as a master in the Antwerp painters guild in 1551, and was apprenticed to Coecke train Aelst, a leading Antwerp artist, statue maker, architect, and designer of tapestry and stained glass. Bruegel traveled to Italy in 1551 or 1552, completing a number of paintings, mostly landscapes, there. Returning category in 1553, he settled in Antwerp. Ten years later, Bruegel go permanently to Brussels. He married train Aelsts daughter, Mayken, in 1563. His assoc iation with the van Aelst family drew Bruegel to the artistic traditions of the Mechelen region in which allegorical and shaver themes exceed strongly. Dated paintings have survived from each year of the period except for 1558 and 1561. deep down this decade falls Bruegels marriage to Mayken Coecke in the Church of Notre-Dame de la Chapelle in Brussels. His paintings, including his landscapes and scenes of peasant life, stress the absurd and vulgar, yet are full of spice and fine detail. They also expose human weaknesses and follies. He was sometimes called the peasant Bruegel from such works as Peasant Wedding Feast (1567). It was in Rome, in 1553, that Bruegel produced his earliest signed and dated painting, Landscape with Christ and the Apostles at the Sea of Tiberias. The holy figures in this painting were probably done by Maarten de Vos, a painter from Antwerp then working in Italy. Among his patrons was Cardinal Antione Perrenot de Granvelle. Granville was president of the council of state in the Netherlands, in whose palace in Brussels the sculptor Jacques Jonghelinck had a studio. He and Bruegel had traveled in Italy at the same time, and his brother, a rich Antwerp collector, Niclaes, was Bruegels greatest patron, having by 1566 acquired sixteen of his paintings. Another patron was Abraham Ortelius, who in a memorable obituary called Bruegel the most perfect artist of the century.