Young Entrepreneurs Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Young Entrepreneurs - Assignment ExampleHis latest forecast in the solar-powered (LED) lantern has been described by many as the greatest innovation in recent time to cushion those who cannot afford the electricity. This device also aimed at providing light to school going children from poor families who could not stand the smoke of the local kerosene lampThe persuasion of developing the solar-powered lantern was originally presented by Wadongo at a local congress of teenaged innovative youths forum in Kenya and was picked as a promising one with the say-so to solve the problem in their communities. Wadongo did a lot of his research on the design and the sizes that most conform to the targeted population. Through his motley attempt to design the sustainable product that would not only last for long, tho also provide a cleaner source of energy, he came up with something that has been appreciated worldwide. His bright idea that only started in a small village in Kenya has been recognized worldwide in various forums. According to the locals, Wadongos project is one that has helped more children go back to their schools and the impact being matte up almost immediately. The performances have increased in most schools that have adopted the use of the solar-powered lantern. According to Wadongo, his project has not reached its peak yet with several additions intended to be made. He wants to extend the scheme to top of the inning more argonas in the country, and the same time sells his solar tapped power to major towns. He said that this go up will work best for him due to the frequent power blackouts experienced in those towns. His idea was operate by the fact that 90% of the countrys power is generated from hydropower stations and the need for other original means of power generation was needed.According to Wadongo, the current power rates in the country are very high, and the consumers will welcome any form of cushioning. With the rates currently at Ks h 75 per Kw unit, he intends

European Union Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 2

European Union Law - Essay Example found on standardised grounds, directive 2004/113/EC was implemented in order to expand the protection against sex activity discrimination in various areas of the society1. In the light of discrimination, word 141 TFEU plays a signifi squirtt role by obligating EU member states to ensure any kind of discrimination with respect to sex must be prohibited. In this context, Article 157 deals with maintaining equal get for both male and female workers in an organisation for comparable job responsibilities2. Discrimination practices in employment can occur in different situations and under different conditions. For instance, when an employee matchs treatments which segregate them from other employees bearing same job responsibilities, on the base of operations of subjective or assimilated criteria much(prenominal) as sexual activity, nationality, religion, disability, age, marital status, parental status, political views, socio economic view and trade union activities, it may be referred to as discriminatory practices. Discrimination and equality are governed by the key principle that an employee must receive equal treatment. Contextually, the code of non-discrimination is used to gender oriented discriminations concerning equal pay for male and female in Article 157 TFEU. This Act is used for avoiding pay gap between the earnings of men and women in an organisation. under(a) Article 157, an employee is regarded as an soulfulness who performs certain activities under the guidance of another individual in re-sentencing for money for a certain period of time. Therefore, once an individual is considered an employee as described in Article 157 TFEU, the articles of the treaties can be applied to him/her3. Article 157 TFEU provides an explicit commitment to equal pay for males and females, stating that equal pay without discrimination on the basis of gender denotes that the pay for similar kind of work must be calculated on the basis of the same unit of measurement for each employee. Equal pay as well as denotes that the pay for work at certain time rate must be equal for similar kind of job. With respect to Article 157 TFEU, pay comprises not only the basic remuneration committed to the employee, barely also his/her overtime pay, extras, special advantages, travelling grants, rewards for appearing in training, termination payments and job-related pensions. Thus far, this has been constantly interpreted by legal bodies to imply that at that place must be no discrimination on the basis of gender over pay. With respect to any discrimination regarding pay, the European courts consider the link between the flavor of pay which is articulated in Article 157 and the practiced social security system4. With respect to discrimination practices, there are two types of acts that can be performed by an organisation which are direct discrimination and confirmative discrimination. In this context, it can be stat ed that Article 157 of the TFEU forbids both direct discrimination on the bases of gender in the area of pay and indirect discrimination. It is worth mentioning in this regard that direct discrimination happens when an individual is unequally treated on the basis of gender for instance, when a woman is paid less than a man in a similar job. On the other hand, indirect discrimination refers to the discrimination which is the signification of gender neutral norm, which tends to hamper an individuals interests on the basis of sex5. With respect to the case of Kate, it can be observed that

Review Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Review Questions - Assignment ExampleOn the other hand, the scanners ar available that can scan bulky documents such as a whole book with in towering spirits quality. These peripheral devices have impacted a lot in the world of business uses information processing systems. Q 2 estimator Hardwargon Development It is expected that in the next ten years the hardw ar would be develop to support and enable the disable individuals for using the computer technologies. The hardware could include the peripheral devices so that the silver screen and deaf individuals can interact with the computer. Therefore, the standard peripheral devices i-e keyboard and mouse would likely to become obsolete and their settlement would be eliminated. The existing hardware technologies and devices would expect to be more effective and powerful in cost high speed and capacity. It is likely to happen that the hardware development organizations would work on the wireless devices to defecate them stan dard or norm for almost every business. These all hardware would facilitate the users to use the computer systems in more easy way with more effective manner. Q 3 Types of Computer System The computers are turning out to be more powerful with passing time in terms of high computing speed, increased storage capacity of data, and the capability to execute a number of diverse functions and purposes, for example, the computers are capable of transmitting voice and video communication regardless of physical distance. Moreover, the computers are growing to be more physically lesser in size, faster in speed, inexpensive, more reliable, easy-to-use and user friendly by means of a Graphical User Interface. These characteristics of the computers are categorized into three diverse computer systems include the central processor computers, midrange computers and the micro-computers. Q 4 Software Usage in Business There are diverse software packages that a business may require to use them i n the office but this particularly depends on the character of the business. However, the essential software package for survival of any business is Word Processing, Spreadsheets, PowerPoint, Outlook or e-mailing and mesh browser. The Word processing allows the user to write or type a formatted text and the spreadsheets allows the users to perform calculations and decision making by analyzing the data which might be essential for any business. Formal presentations are a significant aspect of a business therefore, the business can use diverse software such as PowerPoint that can incorporate animation, sound, graphics, charts etc. The Outlook can be used for emailing to communicate with inseparable and external users moreover, the users can schedule meetings by inviting other users. The web browser is essential for utilizing the facility of the net profit a sea of information, moreover, the users can also access the intranet and extranet with the use of a web browser. Q 5 futu re tense Software Packages As I have mentioned above that the hardware would be developed keeping in view the disable individuals, the same is the case with software would also be in accordance with the Americans with Disabilities exertion (ADA). The future software applications would facilitate the users to diagnose and resolve the issues on their own or update themselves mechanically when the next release or patch is available. The upcoming software packages would be inter-operable and manageable because of the availability and adaptability of absolved source format standards. It is

Ancient History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

antediluvian patriarch History - Essay ExampleAlthough, it might appear counter-intuitive at first, the fact that past Greece was an established imperium had what facilitated the flourishing of democracy during the period. For example, one of the study gravelments during the Hellenistic Age was the phenomenon of empire formation. Ancient Athens was in truth one of the early models of capital imperialist cities, whose place would later be taken by Rome. sounding retrospectively, historians regard the empires of Romans and Greeks as pinnacles of human achievement. (Nikolaos, 2005, p.45) Critics point out to the entrenched practices of slavery, brutality and exploitation that were part of the functioning of empire formation. But the emperors of Ancient Greece saw it in a benign light equating it to inform civilized ways to primitive people, helping universal salvation through the spread of honourable codes, etc. More importantly, the political stability afforded by the sizeab le empire made it easy for the nurturing of participatory processes within the domain, especially in its capital city. The internal organization within Athens overly contributed towards its flourishing practice of democracy. In other words, the state of harmony and wilful co-operation that existed among the subjects of the kingdom helped it set about on their imperialist adventure. A common identity, feelings of brotherhood, voluntary co-operation and a uniting heritage they all helped lay the induction for implementing democracy while as well as building the empire. such qualifiers as culture, language and economic life as well helped build unity. (Austin, 1981, p.78) But, this is not to say that political dissent was always welcome by the rulers. The tragic capital punishment of Socrates illustrates this point. Socrates was brought to trial by the democratic Athenian jury, which had scores to settle with prominent members of the preceding(prenominal) regime. Socrates assoc iation with the previous regime made him a target of persecution, irrespective of the validity of the alleged charges. He was accused of undermining religious and state authority and for also corrupting the minds of Athenians. But in reality, Socrates made no deliberate attempts to assume down the religious, state authorities. Instead, he encouraged his students to adopt a critical approach to moral actions, also suggesting that the Athenian rulers themselves are not exempt from such scrutiny. This shows that hypocrisy and double standards were evident in Ancient Greece. And ostracism and political exile (if not public execution) were employed to keep the population and courtiers under control. (Austin, 1981, p.223) 3. work three major developments, ideas, inventions, events, etc. of the ancient world, and explain how they affected the development of the Mediterranean world. Despite major achievements in the political front, Ancient Greece would come to be defined by its vibrant a nd path-breaking intellectual culture. Such luminary figures as Aristotle, Socrates and Plato would found what is now referred to as Western Philosophic thought, which has continued to grow and develop over the course of two thousand centuries. Let us now consider the contributions of Aristotle. Born in 384 BC and believed to have died on 322 BC, Aristotle remains the figure head of Ancient Greek philosophy. He also founded the Peripatetic school of philosophy, which remains in currency even today. Aristotle was widely regard during his time and continues to be revered

Defining concept of design thinking Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Defining concept of design thinking - Assignment Example1). It permits people who are non trained as designers as swell to utilise creative tools in order to cope with the profligate range of growing challenges. Design thinking is basically a human process, which taps into peoples skills, but it is normally ignored by much traditional problem-solving method (Hunter 2015, p. 1). Design thinking depends on peoples ability to be intuitive, identify patterns, develop ideas, which are meaningful and functional, and communicate well through methods past symbols and words. No one wants to run a company of intuition, feelings and inspiration, but an over-dependence on the uninflected and rational can be just as dangerous (Polsani 2010, p. 1). This is where design thinking comes in to adduce an integrated third way (Hunter 2015, p. 1). Keeping in line with that, this paper will complete a thoroughly researched essay that defines the concept of design thinking. It will explain how each and every example is relate in some way and also discuss examples of design thinking in a accepted business world.Todays organisations go through multifaceted problems and issues, which are basically part of more and more complex business models. Constant expansions of worldwide transactions, supported through partnerships, which can span huegeeco formations, occasion both unique challenges and unique opportunities for businesses and organisations (Polsani 2010, p. 1). The process of design thinking is best considered as a system of overlapping spaces instead of a chain of orderly steps. There are three key spaces to give birth in kind including ideation, inspiration and implementation (Hunter 2015, p. 1). Inspiration is the opportunity or problem, which motivates people to look for answers or solutions. Ideation, on the other hand, refers to the process of collecting, developing and analysing ideas. And, finally, implementation is the route that leads from the

Legislative Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Legislative Proposal - Essay ExampleContrary to the inflexible opinion of the conservatives, we have the liberals who envision America as the land of opportunity, not just for American citizens except all of mankind. According to these liberals, America is a proverbial utopia of opportunity where virtually anyone can make it in life as long as they are willing to work hard for it (Daniels, p.71).Clearly, the topic of in-migration is a divisive one. Over the past decade, immigration has morphed from a legislative topic to one of the mainstream cuts organism discussed on the streets by the local people. Irrespective of political affiliations and social standing, every American citizen seems to fall victim to this rather polarizing issue. It is as a result of this that there is need to formulate and put in issue legislative work that is aimed at streamlining the issue of immigration (McLaughlin, p13-25). Not only keeping in understanding that the interestingnesss of American citi zens come first but also that the immigrants may play an instrumental role in building the economy of the united states. This paper focuses on immigration laws in the state of Virginia vis a vis the interest of the Americans living in Virginia but also the immigrants who are protected by international laws set forth by the United Nations.As in accordance with the 287(g) immigration and customs enforcement program famously cognise as ICE, law enforcement agencies in the state of Virginia liaise with each other. This liaison can be viewed in the form of a network of law enforcement agencies where these agencies share relevant information with each other pertaining the issue of immigration. This program gives the state police legal power that was previously a reserve of the federal immigration agencies. This jurisdiction includes, but is not limited to, checking the immigration status of anyone who is stopped by the state police (Farnam, p23-30).A closer examination of this piece of legislation is

An Analysis of the Animal Rights Debate from an Ethics Perspective Essay

An Analysis of the Animal Rights Debate from an Ethics Perspective - seek ExampleRoger Scrutons The Moral Status of Animals follows a similar line of argument that defends all t champion forms on the face of the earth and reveals his intense convictions in ideological and environmental thought.Singers countywide analysis brings to light many aspects of what Richard D. Ryder has termed speciesism. Drawing comparisons to the liberations movements of the sixties and the debate around the concept of equality among forgiving beings, Singer emphasizes on the need to take animals too into consideration in such debates. He attacks the average that animals can be excluded from the debate on equal rights because they lack the moral, rational powers than humans possess. Singer points expose that there exists an essential difference among human beings based on race, gender and demographical specifics, but the equal rights theorists batter this by stressing on the basic human qualities. The equal rights theories also highlight the individual differences among human beings on which the concept of personal rights is based. Singer uses a systematic analytical strategy to break down these arguments virtuoso by oneness.Singer alludes to the publication of Mary Wollstonecrafts monumental treatise, Vindication of the Rights of Women in 1792 and how they were satirized in an anonymous publication entitled A Vindication of the Rights of Brutes, actually written by Thomas Taylor, a Cambridge philosopher. Taylor refuted Wollstonecrafts by trivializing her demands for the equal treatment of women on moral, philosophical and social realms by proposing that in fact one should go another step further and treat dogs, cats and horses in the similar manner. This argument was an absurd one at that time, and Taylors attempt was to prove that Wollstonecrafts arguments regarding the rights of women were also absurd, as it questioned a specific secernate in nature. Singers overview of Ta ylors argument

Strategy Implementation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strategy Implementation - Essay warningThis paper compares and contrasts the roles for dodging instruction execution, identifies the resources required for its implementation and assesses what measures and timescales can be used to achieve this exposeline implementation for British Airways.Strategy Direction Defining and determining strategic direction involve specifying the images, structures and characters that the firm thinks to adopt over time. As Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson (2008, p. 350) pointed, strategic direction is normally framed within the contexts of the conditions like opportunities and threats that strategic leading expect their organization to face in its near future. Daft (2009, p. 58) has also put forward or so similar view that scheme direction is a process that typically begins with the assessment of opportunities and threats in the immaterial environment, including change, uncertainty, resources available etc. Matha, Boehm and Silverman (2008, p. 47) f ound that strategy direction is based on how employees hear about the strategy and how they do involve in it. A firm with long-term strategic direction probably allow have to consider two basic elements, they are core ideology and an envisi matchlessd future. The first one is to motivate its people through the organizational culture and companys heritage, and the second one encourages them to drawing card out of their expectations of accomplishments (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson 2008, p. 350). As depicted in the figure above, managing a firms resource portfolio, maintaining organizational culture and emphasizing ethical practices are highly critical factors affecting determining of the strategic direction. Roles and Responsibilities of strategy implementation Strategy implementation is connected with creating a portfolio of the strategic programs and secondly it involves attracting, allocating and managing all the necessary resources to provide these strategic programs. Strategy implementation represents a specific pattern of decisions and actions that are intended to carry out a particular plan in an organization. When it comes to the case of British Airways, the company is widely known for telling corporate strategies like technology and business innovation, guest-enabled business strategy or customer focus (Egger and Buhalis, 2008, p. 272), unconditional customer services, service orientation etc. At British Airways, once the strategy has been determined, the management group responsible for the strategy implementation must translate the strategy program in to appropriate tactical plans, processes, programs and budgets. Operating plans and programs for each function are to be developed in this stage. In implementing the strategy of customer focus or innovation, the management of the British Airways prepares a plan including timetables, milestones and details of the organizations insecurity management as well (Atkin and Brooks, 2009, p. 22). As compa red to this, the strategy implementation in Virgin Atlantic is generally influenced by the strategic vision of its top management and quality and entrepreneurial drive of the management teams (Aaker and Joachimsthaler, 2000, p. 34). The strategy implementation in Virgin Atlantic is thus closely linked to the top managements vision and it takes those steps that the management instructs. A strategy is planned and developed mainly

Chemistry Practice - Bonding energy kinetics Lab Report

Chemistry Practice - Bonding energy kinetics - Lab sketch ExampleThe bring together is covalent in nature.There is a sharing of electrons between these two atoms, full-grown bone to a covalent bond. The electronegativity value of H is 2.1 while that of O is 3.5 (Brown, LeMay and Bursten, 1991). There get out hence be a distortion of the electron cloud, thus causing the molecule to be polar. The bind between oxygen and hydrogen is polar covalent in nature.Polar molecules are attracted to a charged rod. In these molecules, the centres of irresponsible and negative charges do not cancel each other out, giving rise to permanent dipoles. When a positive rod is used, the negative end of the dipoles are attracted towards the rod while the positive end of the dipoles are attracted to a negative rod.3. Using the electron pair repulsion theory, state and explain the shape of the following compounds and in each case sketcha diagram to show the arrangemant of the atoms in space, labell ing the bond angles.In AlCl3, the trinity outer electrons of the aluminium atom are bonded to the outer electrons of 3 chlorine atoms. Since there are no lone pair of electrons, the structure will not be distorted. According to the electron pair replusion theory, the three bonded pairs tug each other as far apart as possible. AlCl3 will hence be trigonal planar in shape with a bond angle of 120 (Brown, LeMay and Bursten, 1991).(b) SiH4In SiH4, the cardinal outer electrons of the silicon atom are bonded to the outer electrons of four hydrogen atoms. There are no lone pair of electrons. According to the electron pair replusion theory, the four bonded pairs repel each other as far apart as possible. SiH4 will hence be tetrahedral in shape with a bond angle of 109.5.(c) PCl5In PCl5, the five outer electrons of the phosphorus atom are bonded to the outer electrons of five chlorine atoms. There are no lone pair of electrons. According to the electron pair replusion theory, the five bonded pairs repel each other as far apart as possible. The shape of PCl5 will be trigonal bipyramid, with bond angles of 120 and 90.12 marks4.Enthalpy changes for the reactions of carbon and aluminium with oxygen are accustomed in the following equations, where all substances are in their standard states.C(s) + O2(g) CO2(g)H = -394 kJ mol -14Al(s) + 3O2(g) 2Al2O3(g)H = -3352 kJ mol -1(a) What is the value for the standard enthalpy of combustion of carbonThe standard

Understanding Microeconomics Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Understanding Microeconomics Issues - Essay ExampleThe essay Understanding Microeconomics Issues talks about the most-valuable role of microeconomics in the understanding of the relationship between the consumer, the producer and the trend in the market.There atomic number 18 important issues that must be understood in microeconomics and they include supply and demand, utility, and market failure and competition. each(prenominal) these issues atomic number 18 important to the understanding of the relationship between the consumer, the producer and the trend in the market. Their relationship provides the gravestone to the understanding of economics. As goods and serve are produced for sale, there are a number of factors that play a role in determining the prices at which the products will be sold.The backbone of any market saving and the most significant concept in economics is the supply and demand. Demand can be describe as the touchstone of a product or the services that ar e desired by the consumers. The tally of product that the people are willing to buy at a given price is the quantity demanded and its relationship with the price is referred to as demand relationship.Supply is described as the quantity of product and services that the market can offer. The amount of product that the producers are willing to supply at a veritable price is the quantity supplied and its relationship with the price is referred to as supply relationship. An increase in the price of a commodity is accompanied by an inverse relationship in the quantity demanded, if all the other factors are held constant.

Chapter Problems Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Chapter Problems - Assignment ExampleThe fourth Amendment to the U.S.A, states that human rights should not be dampd from acts pertaining to excessive essay and seizures (Scheb, 2011). The supreme court of the United States describes the security personnel as render and armed private actors. In addition, if the security personnel ar to be included in the one-fourth Amendment protection, then they should be ready to serve the citizens just like the normal government officials (Cunningham & Taylor, 1984). This will understand that crime and violence is curbed in all the states that have been experiencing increased crime rates. 6. What is the rationale for excluding from struggle demonstrate obtained in violation of the tail Amendment? Is this a compelling justification for the exclusion of criminal evidence from the trial of a defendant accused of a serious felony such as aggravated battery? The main reason that is behind the exclusion from trial evidence obtained in the fou rth Amendment may be overdue to the security officers (Hougan, 1978). It has been noted that the security officers are under estimated in their services. This is due to the fact that they are excluded from the ordinal Amendment protection. ... Since most of these guards are employed by the city government then they are required by the court to comply with the constitutional requirements. The court also proposes that instead of the private natural law arresting populate for crimes committed, they should equip them with the Miranda laws (Cunningham & Taylor, 1984). 8. The Supreme Court has created a good- opinion exception to the exclusionary rule where police rely on a search stock warrant that is later held to be invalid because the magistrate erred in finding probable cause for a search. Should the good-faith exception be extended to cases where police acting in good faith conduct warrantless searches that are later held to be unlawful? In the Fourth Amendment law, the term go od faith is used to constitute to the reasonableness state of a police officer in the belief of the existence of a warrant that is in fact invalid (Hougan, 1978). In a criminal prosecution, there is no exception to the Fourth Amendment requirement that all seizures and searches are reasonable in line with the good faith exception. Moreover, when the police violate this Amendment, the evidence is inadmissible to the victim of the search or seizure. Therefore, the only instance where a good faith is necessary is when police rely on a warrant in case of a search or a seizure (Feinman, 2010). When an officer performs a search based on his/ her own facts, and not one the basis of a warrant, then it is hard to claim that the police officer committed an unreasonable mistake. However, if a warrant or any other official authorization of search is required, then the police officer can be reported to have violated an individuals Fourth Amendment

How does fashion shape social identities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How does fashion mildew societal identities - Essay ExampleClothing is considered to have a significant influence on the social construction of identity of human beings. With choices of clothing being available, the different cultures are interpreted by individuals in order to choose their clothing. This includes the norms of appearance of an individual at a particular time based on different cultures and other alternatives available for rich fashion (Crane 2012). Clothing or fashion is said to incriminate the way individuals perceive themselves and their positions in the society. In the earlier times, clothing was the means that was associated with an individuals authority of himself to the valet de chambre. Over the years, other factors have been associated with clothing such as education, religion, occupation and class in the society. enclothe generally reflect the different types of societies and the different roles and positions of individuals existing within the societies (Crane 2012).According to social constructionists, the social world is represented as a set of connections that is brought about by the human beings through time, place, and form. As farther as fashion marketing is concerned, it has been observed that marketers tend to focus on the sense of the consumers and their identities and segmenting them accordingly (Hines and Bruce 2012). brotherly identity is essential in interpreting the type of fit out worn by an individual. The use of clothes and fashion has been considered as a code to determine the identity of the person. If a certain individual is wearing clothes of a certain brand, it gives an impression of the individual and and so a social identity is created. However, for unseasoned individuals, it is difficult to create social constructions based on their fashion as their choices would vary with the options available to them. Differences in perceptions for branded and unbranded products also largely influence they manner in which people clothes and hence their

A personality profile of an individual whom you think is worthy of Essay

A personality profile of an individual whom you think is meritable of capturing - Essay ExampleIt was two geezerhood since shed retired at the early age of forty-nine years old, but these two habits she had kept hold of. It was something she worried about, the only two cracks in her otherwise ameliorate life. There were many other people at her church, of course, who smoked and drank coffee, but few did so as much as she did, and, while Wanda did not judge them she felt her own shortcomings were making her less of a Christian than she should be. She wanted to devote her retirement years to her community and her Lord, not cigarette companies and the jitters of caffeine addiction. And lately she had been tired so often, even with the coffee. So she had resolved to quitthe cigarettes, at least. It was the worst habit, and though it had given her the deep, husky voice that made her stand out so much in the choir, the sensation she worried about the most. What if it killed her? She wa s not worried for herself so much as her family. She had made her peace with this public long ago, and if the Lord called her up, she was ready to go. But she wanted to make things good for others, and wondered what her brother and sisters would do without her when she was g one and only(a). Oh Lord, she half-sang as the coffee brewed in the pale light of her morning kitchen, Oh Lord, be kind to this old sinner forward driving to her doctor to get a prescription for a patch, she listened to the voice messages on her phone. One was from Donna, who was biologically her niece but whose mother had passed away when they were young, and whom Wanda had always treated as a true sister. The younger cleaning woman thanked her for the loan she had given her years ago, saying she had just gotten the money to pay it back, and that she hoped Wanda could come for dinner later in the week to celebrate. Wanda didnt mind about the money, but it would be nice to see Donna over again after so long . In the car she lit another cigarette and had smoked half of it out front she realized what she was doing. Her fingers fidgeted with the cigarette but she couldnt bring herself to put it down. Quitting was going to be hard. The doctor gave her a prescription for the patch, and ran some blood tests to see what was fatiguing her. She spent the next few days trying to deal down, but it was hard. The only time she was really free was at the piano, when her fingers could fly across the black-and-white keys and she could compressed her eyes and be both apart from and inside herself. She would listen to a percentage on the radioshe had never had a teacher, and had taught herself by listening, in the breaks from her thankless job, and endless practiceand then sit still, breathe, and allow her fingers go where they would. In these times she felt truly happy, and as if the peace would soon envelop her consummate being. A month after she had gotten the patch, which had only been partia lly successful at curing her habit, she got a piece of mail from the doctor which contained the results of her test. She tried to focus on the charts and analyses, but in the end only one thing got through to her the diagnosis which said LUNG CANCER, TERMINAL. Alone at her kitchen table, with the coffee still brewing, Wanda Jones cried. She quit smoke right then, though it was useless. As the weeks stretched into months, her body faded, the ridged lip lines that were the sign of her long habit change posture in and becoming flat and smooth as the fat left her. Her ex-husband, who she hadnt seen for years, and who had beat her on occasion, came

Export in Pakistan from the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Export in Pakistan from the UK - Essay workoutBy transferring knowledge and gaining perspective a company trick strengthen its position as an global firm and increase its competitive advantage all over the globe (Czinkota and Ronkainen, 2007 p 21-23). The process of development, execution the commencement, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and work all over the globe, anywhere in the world, to create exchanges that can beseem and satisfy the organisational objectives is called the concept of international marketing. Through effective marketing a company can run its operations anywhere in the world (Srinivasan, 2005 p 3-5). The company would follow the concept of BRIC and would incorporate theories link up to these advancing economies. It would also put forward as to if the worry is business to business (B2B) or business to consumer). Selected Product The product introduced is Dinner in the Sky. This unique idea go forth take the experience of eat to a who le new take. The restaurant itself will be suspended on cables and the customers will approve their provender literally in sky. The mission of the restaurant is not only to concentrate on the food quality but also to have an environment providing well-organised and friendly entertainment and to ensure maximum level of customer satisfaction at the Dinner in the Sky. Dinner in the Sky has its head point in Guildford UK. Each event will be available for a session of 8 hours which can be planned and personalised according to the customers requirements. The service provides the accommodation capacity of 350 lot per session. The beauty of this service is that it can be arranged anywhere as long as the locale provides support for the restaurant structure. The main purpose of the service is to provide exclusivity and unique enjoyment with utmost measures of safety (Dinnerinthesky.com). After the initial response provided by the market it is the intention to provide various another(p renominal) services through this service as well, like organising events related to marriage or showbiz activities. This service is currently universe provided in more than 15 countries and through this service the advertisements promoted by the company are providing many other organisations benefits as well. Country and Market Segment Selection The opportunity of evolution the business globally is ever a value addition to the shareholders equity, but for that purpose it is essential that the decisions relating to global refinement should be made carefully. Just selecting the market segment is not everything, it has to be ensured that that market segment will also generate profits for the company that would in turn increase the value of the investments for the shareholders of the company. The target for the rig of this service after being launched successfully in more than 15 countries is India. India is counted as one of the growing economies

Shakespear - King Lear Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Shakespear - King Lear - Assignment ExampleDespite this she still loves her father, she says simply, I love your majesty, according to your bond, no more nor less (1.1 100-102) despite the honesty she reveals with this statement, her father cannot per see that its the honest love she shows. by and by discovery of her sisters plan to kill their father, Cordelia gathers a French army to go to war with her sisters in the defense lawyers of her father despite what he did, this true act of bravery leads to her death which portrays her saviour character in the play.Edgar is the play is the son of the Earl of Gloucester. A gullible character that falls into his brothers cruel plan that leads him to escape and disguises himself as a peasant and when his father plans to commit suicide, he tricks him that he will help him, convinces him that he has already fallen and that his life is a miracle thy life is a miracle/Speak yet again (4.6 69). He also kills another human in the sense of saving his

The Emergence of New Consumer Culture and Its Effect During the Turn-of-the-Century Essay Example for Free

The Emergence of stark naked Consumer Culture and Its Effect During the Turn-of-the-Century EssayThe Emergence of New Consumer Culture and Its Effect during the Turn-Of-The-Century Period People sustainment in the period from the end of the 19th century to the pedigree of the twentieth century witnessed a Brobdingnagian industrial change in American society. This change led to the opening up of huge factories, the using of electricity in the 1880s which augmented factories more than ever, the revolution in mass communication, the invention of telephone, the social organisation of railroads, the incredible rise of population with the rushing of immigrants into this country (Cassuto and Eby, 2004, p. -3).More importantly, this turn-of-the-century period marked the emergence and the maturation of mass production and consumption, which was considered as a new kind of culture that bore fantasy to more pack, especially women of all diffe rip classes, at that time. Theodore D reiser (1871-1945), an American novelist, and Kathy Peiss, a history professor at University of Pennsylvania, ar two interested in this aspect of change in the society. As a result, they both create works to depict the inner lives of Americans in response to this change.Sister Carrie and Cheap Amusements are two take up representations for their works. Interestingly, through reading those two novels, readers can easily tell that both Dreiser and Peiss pay more solicitude to young working class women when examining the new consumer culture. Sister Carrie is a novel written by Theodore Dreiser and create in 1900. Through this novel, he told readers a story most a fille named Carrie Meeber who was born into a myopic family and came to Chicago to make her American dreams come true.There, she dance stepped into a struggle in the society where peoples social statuses were recognized through the items they had on themselves. It can be said that consumerism developed and compete an important key in each of the American keep from the end of the nineteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth century. It cannot be denied that mass consumerism is a good indicator of the education of the patience of the country however, consumerism indirectly makes the gap among the rich and the poor become much bigger. Production of goods definitely needs consumers. only when not everybody can afford those goods.Consequently, just by looking at these goods, people could distinguish the poor from the rich and vice versa. In other(a) words, social classes at that time were categorized based on material things. Coming from a small rural town and a poor family, the young girl Carrie was totally fantasized by the mass consumerism world she was entering in. There, she got the chance that she never had before to experience what the sophisticated American culture looked like. Specifically, she got the chance to see what were called genuine products such as legitimate sho es, real bags, and real clothes.Of course, she knew that these products were totally different from her outfit on her modality to Chicago that consisted of a small trunk, a low-budget imitation alligator-skin satchel, a small lunch in a paper box, and a yellow slash snap purse (Dreiser, 1982, p. 3). And just like any other young poor girls, Carrie could not fend the temptations coming from these genuine products. She felt jealous of higher class women who could afford enticing objects that she always dreamt of. Those kinds of feelings provoke her endless human desires.When Carrie first came to Chicago and looked for a job in a department store, she was magnetise by the dainty slippers and stockings, the delicately frilled skirts and petticoats, the laces, ribbons, haircombs, purses (Dreiser, 1982, p. 23). And even when her life got better, her obsession with clothing did not cease. Instead, it was construct up Fine clothes to her were a vast persuasion they spoke tenderly and Jesuitically for themselves. When she came within earreach of their pleading, desire in her bent a willing ear.The vocalise of the so-called inanimate Who shall translate for us the language of the stones? My dear, said the lace collar she secured from the Partridges, I fit you beautifully dont give me up. Ah, such little feet, said the leather of the soft new shoes how effectively I cover them. What a pity they should ever want my aid. (Dreiser, 1982, p. 106) In other words, it is the consumer culture that led Carrie to opposition for a luxurious life. The more the consumer culture developed, the more ambitious Carrie got. Indeed, Carrie left her sister, the only person she knew in Chicago to move in with Drout, a stranger she talked to in the street.The reason behind is that she got so tire of the life in which all the money she made was just merely enough to pay for the rent of her sisters house. She could not even afford a pair of shoes for herself. She was unsatisfied wi th the life that suppressed her from good clothes and decided to challenge her fate. But Carrie refused to work hard instead, she chose to use Drout as a tool for her to get things she wanted in life. Later, she was disappointed when she found out that Drout was not sincerely rich. She then got into an affair with Hurtswood, a married manager of a saloon in Chicago.She had high hopes that this kat could form her a wealthy and stable life because Hurtswood did not look as fake as Drout. Unfortunately, one day Hurtswood collapsed. Carrie recognized that Hurtswood was not a reliable source of wealth for her anymore. She left him and go on her path of chasing after luxury by becoming an actress. So it can be concluded that Carrie manipulated both Drout and Hurtswood to climb up her life ladder. Here, Dreiser attacked on the materialism, the key character of this turn-of-the-century period.According to Dreiser, materialism destroyed what is called humans at that time. Through the ch aracter Carrie, Dreiser indirectly criticized the society in which the mass production and consumption took oblige for bringing down the values of morality and ethics. He said, not evil, however longing for that which is better, more oftentimes directs the steps of the erring. Not evil, but goodness often allures the feeling mind unused to reason (Dreiser, 1982, p. 256). The frigidity of the consumer culture is also represented through other characters in Sister Carrie.The revolution in industry and technology put pressure on each of the individual so that they had no choice but lived coldly and heartlessly. In order to survive, the relationship between family members, friends, and strangers meant nothing. Carries sister and her husband took away more or less all of the money Carrie earned to pay for the rent of their house. They did not even care about their jr. sister when she left them and lived with a stranger. Meanwhile, to Hurtswood, his wife Julia was nothing more than a means of creating the illusion of a happy marriage, which in some ways consolidated his social status in front of other people.Another key feature of the consumer culture is that clothing was considered as an indispensable confidence booster. Carrie believed that material could bring her happiness. For an instance, Carrie assumed people living happily just by material things she saw She imagined that across these extravagantly carved entrance-ways, where the globed and crystalled lamps shone upon paneled doors set with stained and de firmed panes of glass, was neither care nor unsatisfied desire. She was perfectly sure that here was happiness. (Dreiser, 1982, p. 122)It can be inferred that in Carries eyes, people without good clothes were living humble lives. This explains for the fact that Carrie did not show any reluctance when she left her sister to move in with Drout or when she got into the affair with Hurtswood. Impressed by their appearances, Carrie regarded them as her s uperiors. In the first chapters of the novel, Dreiser carefully portrayed Drout in the way through which readers can easily recognize the impact it would leave upon Carrie His suit was of a striped and traverse pattern of brown wool, new at that time, but since become familiar as a bloodline suit.The low crotch of the vest revealed a stiff bosom of white and pink stripes (Dreiser, 1982, p. 4) Without this outfit, Drout would be nothing. Apparently, human values during that period were all about material things, especially clothing. In the consumer culture, clothing is the sign for not only for happiness but also beauty and success as well. Kathy Peiss, in her reserve Cheap Amusements, illustrates different forms of leisure activities of young working class women in New York from the late nineteenth century to the early twentieth century.Even though clothing and department stores are not as focused in this book as in Sister Carrie, Peiss is somehow still able to communicate her at titudes towards the rise of mass produced clothing. She shares Dreisers perspective in the sense that clothing characterizes identity, It was in leisure that women vie with identity, trying on new images and roles, appropriating the cultural forms around them clothing, music, language to push at the boundaries of immigrant, working-class life (Peiss, p. 2). Just like Carrie, young working class women in Cheap Amusements believed that expensive clothes could really change their fates, at least making them feel like they belonged to a higher class and serve off the dirt coming from their poverty. Peiss wrote, For newly arrived immigrants, changing ones clothes was the first step in securing a new status in America (Peiss, p. 63). Again, Peiss emphasizes on the strong correlation between the appearance and social status in the consumer culture.In conclusion, both Dreiser and Peiss use their words to convey their disagreements about the American society during the late nineteenth an d early twentieth centuries. Consumer culture, besides speeding up the development of the society at that time, caused people a lot of sufferings from their unceasing voice of want which dominated their voice of conscience in most cases. As a result, morality and ethics became overshadowed by materialism.

A Worldview Definition Essay Example for Free

A Worldview Definition EssayA worldview is the fashion you interpret everything that happens round you and the rest of the world. Everyone has some sort of worldview whether it is conscious or subconscious. People have different worldviews and it can be affected by several different factors around them. A Biblical/Christian worldview is Its whatsoever ideology, philosophy, theology, movement or religion that provides an overarching approach to understanding divinity fudge, the world and mans relations to God and the world, quoted by David Noebel, reference of Understanding the Times. There are five headsprings that help justify our beliefs in the Christian/Biblical worldview. The prime(prenominal) is the Question of Origin, which is how did life begin? In Genesis 11 and Psalms 13913-16 it tells us rough the beginning and the reason for all of creation. The second is the Question of Identity. Identity asks the question, who are we? Genesis 127 and Jeremiah 15 are scriptu res that cover the question of Identity. Both tell us that we were made in Gods image and that before we were created we were appointed a prophet to the nations.The Third question is the Question of Meaning/Purpose. This question is asking why we are here. Everyone is born with a purpose for life. John 173 states we were sic on earth so that we may come to know God. Another scripture is Galatians 513-14 which states we were called unto impropriety by love to serve one another. The fourth question is the Question of Morality. The Question of Morality asks what is meant by right and wrong or good and bad? Ephesians 29-10 states that following Jesus is the best way to have righteous morals. When you follow Jesus, not men you dont have to worry nigh what is right or wrong, you know Acts 529 Peter and the Apostles say we must obey God rather than men. The last question is the Question of Destiny. The Question of Destiny asks is there life after death.A scripture that everyone knows th at refers to destiny is John 316, it says should not perish but have everlasting life. The intensity of Revelations talks a lot about Destiny, a scripture that goes along with that is Revelation 213-5. In those scriptures it tells about how there will be life after death and no more crying or pain. The biblical worldview influences me to always do what Jesus would do and treat people the way I would want to be treated. I have been raised under those sayings and I raise my kids under them also.

Company Profile of Siemens Essay Example for Free

Company Profile of sec Essay second is a German multinational conglomerate company headquartered in Munich, Germany. It is the largest Europe-based electronics and electrical engineering company. 1 reciprocal ohm is unionized into six main divisions Industry, Energy, Healthcare, Equity Investments, atomic number 16 IT Solutions Services and Siemens Financial Services. Human Resources Perspective Siemens 3i Program The human resources perspective combines prescriptions for design of job tasks with theories of motivation.Siemens humanistic perspective on forethought is reflected on its 3i program, which applies Theory Y assumptions to tap into employee creativity and mind power. The 3i Program(ideas, impulses, initiatives) encourages ideas and suggestions from employees and rewards these initiatives. There are direct and confirmative ways for improvement suggestions. Employees can either contact supervisor directly to voice their ideas (direct) or return their suggestions to the 3i office, who will step in to find the responsible department(indirect).Employees will be rewarded if their improvement suggestions are adopted. Siemens has a huge number of motivated employees and thus enormous creative potential on ideas for change control surroundings, optimizing processes, saving money or enhancing competitiveness. Today 100,000 3i suggestions a year are put into practice-at Siemens AG in Germany alone. 3 This Theory Y approach enables the company be rewarded by premiums totaling 300 million. violation of Social Forces Training in SiemensSocial forces refer to those aspects of a culture that guide and determine relationships among people. One social force is the changing attitudes, ideas and values of Generation Y employees, who want a work environment with access to opportunities to learn and further their careers and personal goals. 4 In response to the social force of Gen Y workers, Siemens provides breeding programs teaching new skills or exten ding the skills employees already have. There are On-the-job provision and Off-the job teach.On-the-job training is conducted at the place of work through mentoring, shadowing, coaching, job rotation. Off-the job training takes place away from workplace through courses, presentations and qualifications. For entry level employees, Siemens has three main nurture programmes apprenticeships, Siemens Commercial Academy and Siemens Graduate Programmes. These programs develop employees with the essential skills set they need in their everyday role and equip them for a long-term career at Siemens.By improving the development opportunities, employees feel the company values them. The motivation theories of Herzberg and Maslow show that staff work better when valued. This delivers long-term dedication and ensures benefits to the company. Knowledge Management Model ICN/ICM ShareNet Siemens Information and Communication Networks(ICN)ShareNet is a community of around 18,000 sales, marketing , military control and R D people of Siemens ICN and ICM. ShareNet networks these experts globally and lets them share and develop their knowledge in nightspot to create better customer solutions. 5It focuses on enabling employees to transfer their tacit knowledge into explicit information.Whats more, ShareNet is self-employed person of time zones and organizational structures, so urgent questions are generally answered within a few hours. ShareNet provides rattling life experience thus saves precious time in all phases of the value creation process. In addition to time, ShareNet saves consulting fees for Siemens, because the knowledge and analyses of external consultants reports are made available on a global plate whenever possible.

Theory Application Paper Essay Example for Free

Theory operation Paper Es orderI. INTRODUCTION advertisement is mass parley an advertizer pays for in order to move a accept segment of the macrocosm to adopt ideas or take modus operandiions of benefit to the advertiser (The biography of Advertising).In other haggling, ad is a form of converse as headspring as a marketing function where the advertiser pays for the habituate of the conversations media. It is non- mortalal (comp atomic number 18d to mortalal merchandising) and has to be persuasive and convincing in order to sell or secure favorable consideration. The advertiser has to communicate facts and ideas to the public in such(prenominal) a way that the information fits the needs, wants, and interests of the public (Crisostomo 4).Although the goals of advertisements whitethorn differ from ad to ad, there ar inductions that screw be make. The first would be that ads be made to sell products, ideas, or services. The actual sale may be immediate or event ual and it is accomplished through the mass media rather than the salesperson.The second generalization is that ads ar there to develop good go away and build prestige. This is accomplished through institutional or public-interest advertizing.Ads are also there to pre-sell products. With brand advertising, corporations are able to condition the minds of consumers to be loyal to their brand and procure their products in the future.Ads are also used to widen the demand for a product. This demand give the gate be increased if the advertisement can demonstrate alternative ways of apply the particular product. This requires an investigation of the primary, secondary, and authorisation uses of the product.Ads are also aimed to establish brand superiority. Although by itself, advertising does non create an industrial monopoly, it can lead to theestablishment of brand superiority and dominance.Another goal of advertising is to maintain patronage. Retail establishments, particularly, seem on advertising largely in order to maintain customer patronage.The last object glass of advertising is to speed up the movement of merchandise. This is accomplished through the stimulation and expansion of demand (Crisostomo 14).To arrive at these goals, an advertisement moldiness appeal to human desires. There are two types of human desires the primary wants and secondary wants (Gomez and Arante 52).In order for an ad to be effective, it mustiness be continuous and long-term. It is said to consist of a pedal of three stages introductory advertising, competitive advertising, and retentive advertising (Crisostomo 12).Advertising is a means of mass colloquy where words and symbolisations are required to convey the basic theme to the audience. Choosing the wrong word or symbol may give or arouse images that are contrary to the advertisers purpose. These words and symbols make up the elements of an advertisement. These elements, specific tot completelyyy, are the copy, the he ad annotation, the images, and the logotype (Crisostomo 184-195).For different mediums, different ways of writing advertising copies are d iodin that must always be written from the consumers point of view. Many advertising copiers commit the error of writing video mercantiles in the same way they do radio copy. This must be avoided because tv appeals to two adepts (visual and aural) conflicting the radio. Contrasting radio, crowding the commercial time with words leave al wholeness make it difficult for the attestor to deem the centre (Crisostomo 185).The importance of headlines cannot be overemphasized. Some say that it represents 50-80% of the value of an advertisement (Crisostomo 141). Let us organisation it, the entire body of the commercial may be excellent and the visuals superb, but if the commercial does not appropriate the attention of the stunners right from the start, it may declare just lost its audience. The headline, much like the copy, must stress the r eaders, not the advertisers interest (Crisostomo 145).People are more interested in images combined with words than with words alone. These images serve as symbols, which are more easily decoded by the witness than word or verbal symbols. Ideas are conveyed more quickly and clearly through images. Images can associate the product with a person or a specific class (Crisostomo 194-195).The last element of an advertisement is the company logo or slogan. Placing this in an advertisement immediately separates the advertised product or service from the competitors product. A logo could attract buyers to a specific store or lend prestige to the products with consumer preference god by the necktie of the firms name with the advertised merchandise (Crisostomo 195).Each advertisement has to reach the maximum number of prospects per advertising peso. In the procedure of media selection, the researcher defines the market to be reached by studying the results of consumer surveys and market an alysis. After doing so, can the advertiser decide which medium or medias to select wherein they can exhibit their advertisement. There is an overabundance of media for advertisers (Miranda 157). For this study, I will concentrate on the television medium. Although the costs of advertising on TV are quite expensive, television can sell by appealing to two senses sight and sound rather that to only one as most media do. Demonstration of product performance and exhibition of styles, color, designs, and other product features can be achieved. The sponsor also enjoys great flexibility in the presentation of this commercial (Miranda 197).The background given provides us with an idea of the definition of advertising, its purpose and goals, its different cycles and elements, and the importance of the television medium for advertisements. We know thatthese advertisements are made in order to sway the public to buy the specific product but in todays world, we are constantly bombarded with a dvertisement meats left and right. With so umpteen stimuli, is it silent possible for an advertisement to motivate us to buy a certain product? Why did or why didnt that advertisement send us to the nearest store? What elements of a commercial will stimulate its viewers to buy, buy, and buy? Does the public still watch advertisements on TV and are affected by it or is the audience so swamp with so many advertisements that they turn cynical and it just turns into a game of Russian roulette for the advertisers?II. conceive FRAMEWORKTheoretical FrameworkThe Shannon-Weaver Model (McQuail 12)Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver produced a general framework of communication a year after Laswells Communication Model (which might explain the similarities). Although they were principally concerned with communication technology, their model has become one representation of the system of human communication. The emphasis of this model is on the transmittance and reception of the information .The Shannon-Weaver Model proposes that all communication must include six elements the source, the encoder, the substance, the railway line, the decoder, and the receiving system but this model also includes noise.Maslows Hierarchy of call for (Maslows Hierarchy of Needs)One aspect of communication is persuasion. Peoples needs motivate them to act and if those needs are identified, the source can motivate the receiver to do what he or she wants them to do.Abraham Maslow highly-developed the table of the hierarchy of needs. He emphasizesthe need for self-actualization. According to Maslow, before a person achieves self-actualization, he or she must attain the four lower-level needs of the hierarchy (physical, safety, social, and esteem). His table attempts to conduct a holistic interpretation of human motivation, considering a range of influences on human behavior.Two-Step Flow of Communication (Littlejohn 313)In 1940, Karl Lazarsfeld and his curse word researchers conducted a study on the effects of political mass communication. Their findings were published in The Peoples Choice in 1944.Their research was based on the hypodermic needle model of media influence. Based on their findings, they established that the media effects were minimal, the concept of the mass audience was misguided, and that social influences had a major effect on the process of tactile sensation formation and greatly limited the medias effect.This model, later developed by Katz and Lazarsfeld, consists of a process where opinion leading play a vital role. They concluded that our responses to media mental objects are mediated through our social alliances. It is false to commend that the receivers are the mass audience because this implies that everyone is equal in their reception of media messages when the fact is there are several(prenominal) who play a more bustling role than others do. It debunks the hypodermic needle model because the model implies that receiving a messa ge does not necessarily mean the receiver will respond to it.Rosengrens Uses and Gratifications (McQuail 76-77)The uses and enjoyment approaches to media, by Elihu Katz, asserts the active use of the media by the audience to seek the gratification of a variety of needs. This research on the media-audience relationship suggests that the audience is much less passive than once thought and that people actively and purposefully use the media according to their own circumstances. The medias effects can then be thought of as being helplesson the functions that they perform for each member of the audience.According to the limited effects paradigm, the media will not influence a member of the audience if it does not fulfill or gratify a need. Audience members are held to be active and involved in their understanding and interpretation of the media and are not completely passive.Rosengrens magnetic discrepancy constitutes of eleven elements that relate to each other. The needs of the ind ividual is the starting point and interacts with combinations of intra- and extra-individual characteristics and the surrounding societal twist. These in turn create problems and the perceived solutions. The combination of these two give birth to patterns of media consumption and patterns of behavior large(p) patterns of gratifications or non-gratifications which possible affect the individuals combination of intra- and extra-individual characteristics and the surrounding social structures.III. INTEGRATION OF THEORIESThe source, as mentioned before, is a person or group of persons that have a reason or a purpose for engaging in communication. The source expresses this purpose in the form of a message. This message is formulated into some kind of code, which requires an encoder. The encoder is responsible for(p) for taking the ideas of the message and purpose of the source and transforming it into a code.The message is what the communication is all about. This is whatever is commu nicated in the message.Choosing the production line of communication is an important aspect in the communication process. The message is sent through the channel chosen.Noise is always present in communication. The noise may disrupt or distort the message that is being sent across. There are times when the message is not distorted by the noise, but when it does, the receiver may not get thecomplete message or ideas that is being conveyed.Just as the source needs an encoder to translate his or her message, the receiver needs a decoder to translate the message.For communication to occur, there must be someone at the other end of the network. The information transmitter and the receiver must be similar systems in order for the communication to be successful.The receiver of the message has (because of his or her needs added with the acquaintance he or she has gained from opinion leaders as well as his or her own characteristics) combinations of problems as well as perceived solutions to these problems. Once the receiver gets the message, he or she internalizes the message and decides whether or not the message falls into any of the categories of his needs putting importance on those that he has not achieved (according to the hierarchy).This gives him or her motives for attempts at gratification-seeking behavior that leads to his or her patterns of media consumption and other patterns of behavior. These are followed by patterns of gratification and non-gratification that could possibly affect the individuals combination of intra- and extra-individual characteristics and ultimately the media structure.The patterns of gratification and non-gratification also serve as the feedback to the source of the message and the cycle continues.IV. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKCorporations exist to make money. In the cutthroat world of business, many say it pays to advertise. It seems like everyone has jumped on the bandwagon. Some advertisements may provide a few laughs, send a public service message, or seem like it has not point at all, but the bottom line is it serves to sell the companys products or services.The corporation hires an advertising agency to create a commercial that depicts the message or image the corporation wants. The advertising agency contains which medium is best suited for the ad. The commercial is aired. This commercial competes with many stimuli that are around. These distractions could be in the form of other commercials, other programs, or any events that are occurring when this commercial is aired.Because of the individuals needs, knowledge obtained from opinion leaders, and his or her own personal characteristics, the viewer has problems as well as perceived ways in which to solve them. These in turn make the individual seek out the solutions.When the viewer sees the commercial, he or she decides whether this would solve his or her problems. This will reveal how the individual will keep using the medium (i.e. if the viewer has just h ad a full meal, he or she will turn the channel when a commercial about food is on) as well as other behaviors (i.e. if the viewer sees a commercial about dishwashing liquid, it might motivate him or her to wash the dishes).The way in which the viewer uses the medium and his other behaviors will be precedents of how the individual fulfills his or her wants in the future which eventually will affect his or her personal characteristics as well as the structure of the media and attitudes of the opinion leaders.How the individual fulfills his or her wants in the future will also serve as the feedback to the corporations of how successful they were in getting their message across and the cycle continues.V. OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORKThere are many different types of corporations offering all kinds of products and services. These companies do not only exist to provide these goods and services but also, as mentioned before, to make a profit.Much like the corporations, there are numerous advertis ing agencies in the Philippines today. They are the ones who conceptualize advertisements that bring the eye of the viewers and entice them to spend their hard-earned cashon products that they may or may not need.There are about as many advertisements as there are products, if not more. For this study, I wish to tenseness on the advertisements of a product that everyone buys and is relatively cheap.I also wish to focus on television, a medium that most people can access and appeals to both the visual and auditory senses.The distractions could be anything from the sound of a car passing by to other things that the individual is doing while observance TV.The viewer is considered as one who watches television. This viewer is exposed to many different TV programs as well as commercials. The viewer is motivated by certain desires such as material things, hunger, love and affection, acceptance, sex, etceteraThis viewer also has personal characteristics such as his or her likes and di slikes, attitudes toward certain issues or events, and the values he or she deems important.The viewer is exposed to many different opinions and it is due to his or her characteristics that he or she listens and accepts certain things opinion leaders (could be helps, celebrities, or someone he or she admires) say as veritable or as false. This could range from the political stand to what is considered cool or socially acceptable today.With all these in mind, the viewer then realizes that there are certain things he or she is lacking and considers these as problems. Examples of this could be hunger, tedium, or lack of a social life. However, with these problems come the viewers perceived solutions. Lets take the prototype of boredom. If the individual (viewer) is bored he or she might think of watching TV or red ink to the movies. Watching TV and going to the movies are things the individual thinks would get rid of his feeling of boredom.When the viewer comes up with his or her perceived solutions, he or she will seek out these solutions. Lets pick up from the boredom example again. Once the individual figures that going to a movie will solve his or her boredom dilemma, he or she will look through the newspapers for the movie times and listings, inspect a friend to ask what good movies are playing, or just drive to the movie theater and see whats playing. direct lets get back to the advertisement. Once the viewer is exposed to the advertisement, the factors mentioned earlier will determine other behaviors as well as how he or she will use the medium. For example, a teenage viewer (lets call him Andy) is exposed to a commercial about cigarettes. Andy feels like he is a nerd and does not have that many friends.From Andys personal characteristics, he finds cigarettes disgusting but he has the need to feel socially accepted and all the cool kids smoke so he decides to start smoking. He starts feeling cool and in with the crowd and starts gaining a few acquai ntances. He wants to be popular so he copies what he sees on TV, fulfilling his desire to be accepted. Once Andy becomes socially accepted and is part of the cool crowd, his personality changes and the societal structure changes because now, Andy is one of the opinion leaders.This example is just one incident, one possibility, but if several of these incidents occur, these could serve as feedback to the corporation that their advertisement is effective.VI. DEFINITION OF TERMSAdvertising Copy This is the text of the advertisement that presents the advertisers message in a persuasive and convincing manner.Advertising Headline This serves primarily to secure attention in an advertisement.Advertising Images These also serves to secure attention in an advertisement as well as help the viewer understand the message the advertiser is trying to get across better.Advertising Logo This is also cognize as the slogan, tag line, or the signature of the advertiser.Advertising Media This includes newspaper, magazines, other literature (circulars, blotters, leaflets, booklets, shopping bags, wrappers, tags, labels), outdoor media (outdoor advertising signs, posters, poster panels, poster showings, painted signs, electric spectaculars, skywriting), internet, transportation advertising, point-of-sale advertising (window displays, counter cards and displays, clocks, scandalise stands and cutouts, etc), broadcast advertising (radio and TV), motion picture advertising, programs, directories, and matchbooks.Channel This is the medium used.Competitive Advertising This seeks to urge the consumers to choose their product or service over the competitors products and services.Decoder This retranslates the message.Encoder This is responsible for taking the ideas of the source and putting them in code, expressing the sources purpose in the form of a message.Esteem Needs This refers to the feeling of value we feel when we achieve our goals.Feedback This is the receivers response to the m essage.Hypodermic Needle Model This assumed that the media transmits a message that would be automatically be absorbed by the viewer.Introductory Advertising This is when the product, product features, service, idea, or cause is new to the public. Its main objective is to develop consumer awareness.Marketing This is the performance of business activities that direct the flow of goods and services from the producer to the consumer. Advertising is one of its tools.Message This is whatever is communicated.Noise This could be known as the physical noise (the unexplained variation in a communication channel) or semantic noise (this may be related to peoples knowledge level, their communication skills, their experience, their prejudices and so on).Opinion Leaders These are people considered to be experts, have prominence, or have influence over others.Personal Selling This is also known as salesmanship. It is the oldest known form of selling goods that comprises of direct, personal contac t between the seller and the buyer wherein the buyer is orally persuaded by the seller to leverage the product.Physical Needs These refer to the basic biological needs such as food, clothing, and shelter.Primary Wants These are desires that are universal, more quickly aroused, and probably the strongest movers to action. They are those that are innate, biological, or unlearned.Receiver This is the recipient (intended or unintended) of the message.Retentive Advertising This is the stage where the advertiser attempts to develop or establish consumer loyalty by repeatedly keeping the public reminded of the name or brand of the product. Generally, the advertising message is brief and concise.Safety Needs These refer to the need to feel secure.Secondary Wants They are the desires that are acquired, sociogenic, or learned.Self-actualization This is the realization of ones full authorization as a human being.Social Needs These refer to the needs to feel a sense of belongingness. Maslow cl aims that we have an innate need to affiliate with others in search for affection and love.Source This refers to a person or group of persons with a given purpose, a reason for engaging in communication.VII. WORKS CITEDCrisostomo, Isabelo T. red-brick Advertising for Filipinos. Quezon City, Philippines J. Kris Publishing Enterprises, 1967.Gomez, Julita R. and Lilia B. Arante. Advertising. Mandaluyong, Philippines National have Store, 1986.The History of Advertising. http//www.wissen-erleben.de/advertising/index.htm.Littlejohn, Stephen. Theories of Mass Communication seventh Ed. Albuquerque, New Mexico Wadsworth Group, 2002.Maslows Hierarchy of Needs. http//www.cultsock.ndirect.co.uk/MUHome/cshtml/index.html.McQuail, Dennis. Communication Models for the Study of Mass Communications. New York Longman Inc., 1981.Miranda, Gregorio S. Advertising 3rd Ed. Mandaluyong, Philippines National Book Store, 2000.

Development of Children and Young People Between Birth to 19 Essay Example for Free

Development of Children and Young People amongst Birth to 19 EssayFrom six months onwards a chela demands to sit up exploitation support until they can man season with issue any support and eventually cultivation to crawl or brand on their bottoms. They atomic number 18 equal to rollover from their tummies on to their backs and vice versa. They start to hold on to furniture learning how to walk along or by using the aid of a baby walker, up until they suck in the confidence to walk alone. Their go along and eye coordination improves as they learn to pass an object from one hand to another, and obtain to constitute preference for one hand. They learn to play with bricks.Firstly banging them together to universe able to build towers, eventually building larger towers. By the grow of cardinal tykeren result beat learnt how to sit, walk, feed themselves and they pull up stakes defend moved from eating soft mashed food to eating solids, as fall guy of their teeth will be clearly visible. They will have learnt to kick and throw a ball. They will be able to grasp a pencil to gift scribble on paper. From iii to septenary a tiddler is more than independent. Learning how to jump, climb, catch and walk up and down stairs confidently. They learn to pedal and eventually ride a bike without support.Using their fine motor skills to hold and mathematical function a pair of scissors, able to gain control of a pencil. Increasing in their writing skill. ignore also fasten and undo thotons and shoe laces. From the age seven to twelve years a child will progress in running, jumping skipping and make happying playacting games as a team, even though they may misjudge their ability until the age of nine. Between twelve and nineteen a child goes from childhood into adulthood. This is referred to the adolescences stage. This starts from the age of 11 up until the age of 19 or 20.Its the stage that teenagers learn to detach from their provokes and ru n low more independent. Every child rate of growth is assorted. Boys normally begin adolescence around the age of 14 year, which is later than girls, even though by the end they are usually bigger than girls. They will give way torso hair as their body shape flips, their muscles begin to grow, increasing their strength. Their voice will change and become deeper. In the early stages to mid stages of puberty testicles and scrotum will begin to grow. Penis growth starts later but continues for longer.Girls breasts start to swell from around the age of 10. They will also pullulate hair in the pubic region that will become dark and curly. Their body shape will change. Some girls may be physically mature by the age of 13. This is dependent on the age at which she begins puberty, which varies, ranging from 8 until late teens. The average age for girls of menstruation is around 13. Social and emotional development. From stomach to about one year old a child mainly communicates throug h facial expressions such(prenominal) as smiling at familiar faces. A child of this is very dependant and requires comfort from an adult.They spot familiar faces and get distressed when separated from a parent. They enjoy interacting and playing games such as peek-a-boo and they little by little develop a sense of identity and postulate to do things for them self. They easily get jealous when attendance is not given to them and try to please adults. Temper tantrums start when not being given what they destiny or not wanting to share toys. From three to four years a child is more self-motivated and is able to cope with unfamiliar settings and adults. They know how to share, becoming con aspectrate and caring of other feelings. They enjoy playing with other children.Between four and seven a child is able to make colleagues but passive finds it difficult to take turns and sine qua nons help resolving problems. By this age a child should have a stable environment and routine, th ey need to have limits set. By the age of seven a child becomes less dependant. Starting to enjoy playing with other children. They become aware of their gender and develop intelligence between right and wrong. By the age of eight they develop a close friendship and enjoy playing with the same sex. By twelve they can start to show arrogance and bossiness and are unsure sometimes.By the time a child reaches the teenage years they are very self-conscious. As their body shape is changing and odours make occur, acne may develop due to oily skin. They begin to follow look groups in the way they dress having labelled clothing, collecting the same things playing the same games. They turn to their friend and not to their parents for approval. They begin to question certain aspects of life such as parental and community set and beliefs. Intellectual development A child between the ages of birth to three is more confident but still needs an adults support.They enjoy copying others and try ing out different ways of behaviour in play. They realise that others are spate people from themselves. From three to four a child learns to hear 2 or three simple tasks that they are given to do such as pick up the toys put them in back in the box and put the box where it belongs. They begin to realise the difference between objects, size and type and are able to group these together. From five to seven they learn to pick up that there is differences and sameness in various aspects in life and that differences can co exist side by side and are able look at things from different perspectives.By the age of seven, children are able to read to themselves and will take a lively interest in certain overcome by the age of nine. During the adolescence stage the mind is maturing as young people begin to develop a sense of responsibility for their thoughts, words and actions. They begin to plan about their future and what line of work they want to be in? If they want to get married and have children? They gain the ability to make a link between different pieces of knowledge and the ability to make links of these with the world from their perspective. This stage depends on the guidance given to young people in respects to helping the brain.A young psyche learns to take the responsibility for his or her own fiances, accommodation, employment and personal realationshops. This reaches completion as the responsibility from parent transfers to the young person. Language development From the early stages in life a child is able to make a lot different sounds. They begin to babble. Laughing and squealing when they are happy and cry to show emotion. They respond to music and sounds. Trying to imitate a parents face especially the mouth. Between one and two years a child learns to use single words to joining them up to make phrases.They begin to understand parents and try and copy them. By the age of two a childs verbiage can be anything from 30 to 150 words. By the time they are three a child can use words to form a sentence and begin to ask questions. They are able to memorise rhymes and songs and are able to join in and are able to scribble on paper. From three to four a child starts to use past tense and is able to use a different pitch or tone of voice. Their vocabulary extends between 1000 to 1500 word. From five upwards their questions become more complex as they use language to communicate their ideas.The pencil control improves. As they copy shapes and letters. By the age of seven they are able to speak fluently and make up stories. They begin to understand letters and link them to sounds. A child of twelve years is able to describe complicated scenarios. They need help in tackling complex spellings and learning the different tense of grammar. They are able read out aloud. From twelve on to nineteen years a young person begins to use sarcasm, joking and antic as it is new and sophisticated language for them. They are maturing and enjoy usi ng their thought to debate whether it is evening gown or informal.

Memories of my childhood Essay Example for Free

Memories of my childhood EssayThinking back when I was ten brings up a lot of memories of my childhood. I was a tom boy and a deep eater because of my high transfiguration and extremely high energy level. I look back at my favorite foods and there are many that come to mind. I loved Chef Boyardee Ravioli and Spaghetti Os. I also loved my moms homemade chicken and dumplings and bisquits, peanut butter and banana sandwiches, and moms cookies. These have been my favorites throughout the years with the exception of the Chef Boyardee Ravioli and Spaghetti Os.My mom has taught me how to bone some of her recipes so that I may pass them on to my children and them to theirs. I think I entrust proceed to eat these dishes until my body can no longer handle the ingredients that make these dishes so scrumptious. My father is 52yrs old and still enjoys these foods she is in very good health with the exception of her osteoporosis so if I continue taking care of myself and my body and no thing bad happens besides what already has happened, I think I should be able to eat these dishes for a very long time.There are several reasons why dietary modifications need to be changed throughout the different stages of life. From birth the old age are metabolism is constantly changing, we go from a high energy intake to a slowed metabolism. Healthful diets help call forth the growth of infancy into your older adulthood, and it helps with the productivity to help prevent obesity, high blood pressure and cholesterol, trustworthy diseases, strokes, heart attacks, and osteoporosis.

Creating a computer system Essay Example for Free

Creating a computer system try1. 1 Introduction Wooten Basset Rugby Club, are a rugby club in the Swindon area, whom vivify 15 a side rugby union. They put out a subdues of teams severally workweek ranging from junior levels, senior teams and womens rugby. Of my concern is the U-16s, whom would like to computerise a number of tasks and construct a indication for relevant selective information including sham and parent info. In some(prenominal) ill-tempered season there leave be between 20 and 30 players at the club. These players are trained by the wellspring tutor and around ternary new(prenominal) coaches all of whom are made up of parents of the players. The head coach is obligated for much of the current administrative work. 1. 2 Current System Currently all tasks for the club are carried out manually. For example when organising a match once against a rival team a letter is written specifically for to each one player. With as many an(prenominal) as 3 0 players at the club, this is tiring and tedious work. data is currently stored in files kept at the head coachs house. This system of holding information has give-up the ghost treacherous as over the history of the team players nurse moved on or changed their details.When this occurs due to clock time constraints, addresses for example are often added to rather than modified creating two distinct addresses complicating matters when important letters necessitate to be sent. In the past when players have left their file has non been removed leaving bounteous amounts of useless information. All of this complicates matters when searching for data making the process longer and increasingly unreliable. Among the squad of players, each player has his own specific needs. For example different players require different training methods such as fitness or tactics.With many players and few coaching staff it becomes difficult to organise. Currently this is set up by dint of memory wh ich is difficult due to the above reasons. The current system has no scope for evaluating players from teams the club faces. No data is kept on players from other teams like their scoring or disciplinal records. They fuel consequently not assess before a unalterability which players are a danger and tactics suffer. gain ground and disciplinary data is stored on paper kept in files. This data is again not puff up managed and prone to being lost making analysing a players progress somewhatwhere between difficult and impossible. in like manner they are unable to see which players are the top scorers or most ill discip contestationd. Money watchfulness is also a problem. Fees used to pay math officials are deducted form the fees paid by players. This is organised by the coaches, however often players miss this payment and the referees payment is short. Yet with at least 15 players playing in every match records of owes money are not kept and this information is scarcely forgott en. 1. 3 Interview Summary In place to create this system it was important that I shoot an interview with one of the end exploiters for the system. This result give a good outline of the requirements for the system.The interview was with the head coach whom lead be the predominant exploiter of the system. From the interview this is an outline of what the new system get out have to achieve Produce template letters for a number of issues. These letters include see to it details, which ordain tell players about a match its date, venue and other relevant information. Invitation letter to other clubs inviting them to a match. Player and parent data. Store contact details about players and parents. Statistics. Store statistics on players including points scored, tries and appearances. police squad information.Store details on rival teams such as contact details. Fixtures. Store fixture information including scores, dates and venues. Ability to see reports on players from the clu b. An ability to track membership payments. The system must indicate whether a players has paid his membership for that season. Create leagues of the clubs leading scorers and those with the worst disciplinary records. Store data about what character of training each player is on. For example some players whitethorn have fitness training or others forwards training. Monitor finances for each fixture. For each fixture a player has to pay a fee of i2. Other important points taken from the interview System must be as automated as possible as user wants system to save him time. Simple user interface. several(prenominal) of the coaches whom pass on use the system have very little knowledge of computers and will struggle with a complicated system. System will be run from head coachs lap top computer and thusly not need any network capabilities. Head coach has copies of Microsoft Access already stored on his computer. IT birth consists exactly of use of Microsoft applications. Data on fixtures and statistics only to be kept for one season at a time.After this period data will be deleted and new record will be kept. Hold data relating to tournament and fall the clubs progress in these tournaments. 1. 4 Data Requirements From the interview it has become apparent that I will need to store a considerable amount of data. I have divided this data into the following throngs Players, Fixtures, rivalrys, Rival Players, Players-Fixtures and Rival Players-Fixtures. A primary key will be used in every case to grotesquely identify each record, these are marked by these symbols, and . PLAYERS deals with data relating to players such as membership and contact detailsMembership Number A unique code used to identify each player. Each Membership code is made up of three numbers and a letter. The letter represents the age group, as this letter only deals with one age group each membership code will have the letter, E. For example, 001E find Christian and Surname only upgra de Store parents name for contact details. conduceress1 Store first line of a players address. Address2 Store second line of a players address where applicable. Postcode Training-What type of training the player is on. User will only be able to select from these values Fitness, Backs, Forwards or General.Telephone Number Membership Paid Whether a player has paid membership fees for current year or not. FIXTURES handles data revolving each fixture compete or to be played Fixture Code Identifies each fixture uniquely as some fixture may be against the same team. Team Code Determines which team is to be played or has been played Team Score Score for Wooten Bassett, aught if not played. Rival Score Score for rival, null if not played. tournament Code Foreign key which identifies which tournament a fixture belongs to. Friendly fixtures will be determined by a specific code. Date Venue Select from either star sign or away.Round Determines which round of the competition, f or example first round or semi final. RIVALS holds data on teams played by the rugby club, this includes contact details Team Code Each team will be assigned a unique in case of two teams having the same name. Team Name Name of each rival team. Telephone Address1 First line of each teams address. Address2 Second line of each teams address if applicable. City Postcode Directions Description of how to reach rival club. PLAYERS-FIXTURES relates to the actions of players in each fixture, this includes scores and disciplinary informationMembership Number Used to identify player for which record is stored. Fixture Code Identifies which fixture record relates to. Tries Number of tries scored by a particular player in each fixture. Penalties All penalization kicks converted by a player in a fixture. Drop Kicks All drop kicks scored by a player in a fixture. Disciplinary Whether a player was disciplined in a fixture and what level of action, a yellow card for example. Fee Owed -T he amount paid will be displayed from. TOURNAMENT holds data relating to tournaments the clubs plays in Tournament Code Unique code which identifies each tournament.Winner eventual(prenominal) winner of tournament. 1. 5 Entity Relationship Diagram This diagram of how data will be kept in the new system. The Players-Fixtures data store will link Players and Fixtures together. It will store data relating to what a particular player does in each game. Each record will be identified by victimization a players membership code and the corresponding fixture code, these two foreign keys will create a composite key. Each player may have played in many fixtures and therefore have many records in Players-Fixtures. This creates a one to many alliance between, Players and Players-Fixtures.Similarly many records in Players-Fixtures may relate to one fixture and so a one to many relationship inhabits between Fixtures and Players-Fixtures. The Rival Players-Fixtures data store is similar to Pla yers-Fixtures, however it stores data about rival players as opposed to players for Wooten Bassett rugby club. Each record will be uniquely identified using the foreign keys of rival player code to determine which player, and fixture code to determine the fixture. Again a one to many relationship exists between Fixtures and Rival Players-Fixtures as one fixture may have many related records in Rival Players-Fixtures.Each Rival Player may have many records in Rival Players-Fixtures as they have played in many fixtures, a one to many relationship will exist here. Wooten Bassett will face many different rival clubs with many different Rival Players. Therefore Rivals will store data about all rival clubs and each record will be uniquely identified by team code. Rival Players will store data will store data about all the players who play for these clubs will be identified by the rival player code. To determine which player plays for which club Rival Players will have the foreign key Team code.This means many Rival Players can play for one club, again a one to many relationship will exist here. Each fixture will be against one of the teams detailed in Rivals. In order to identify which team is being played the foreign key, team code from Rivals will be used. iodin Rival may play in many fixtures creating a one to many relationship from Rivals to Fixtures. Tournament holds data relating to competitive fixtures. Therefore one tournament will have many records in fixtures, and again a one to many relationship is present. 1. 6 Data Flow Diagrams 2 Design 2. 1 System Design.The system will be divided into five entities described in Analysis. These are Players, Rivals, Fixtures, Players-Fixtures and Tournament. 2. 2 Attribute Design Following are description of all the attributes to be stored in the system 2. 3 Form Design In order for the user to interact with the system, it must be presented in a user friendly interface. Within Access this is done using forms and repor ts, each form should allow the user to easily understand the information and be able to perform sufficient actions such as adding or deleting data. Following are the forms required by the system 1. frmFixtures.This form will deal with all the actions relating the handling of data with fixtures. Here the user will be able to add, alter or delete any records from the Fixtures table. For example if a new fixture has been organised then the user can use the Add Fixture button to add a fixture to the schedule. Also changes to the date for example can be made. In order to maintain the consistency of data validation is being used. The FixtureCode attribute is updated automatically as an auto number preventing the user from making mistakes. Also a TeamCode will be selected from a jazz band box so a user cannot enter a team that does not exist.Also only two values will be able to be entered into the Home/Away attribute, home or away. To simplify the users navigation of the system a jazz gr oup box at the top of the form allows the user to select any existing record quickly. 2. frmPlayers The Players form works on a similar precept to the Fixtures form. There are button to add and delete Player records and there is also a jazz band box to allow the user to navigate through the system. For validation the training attribute uses a combo box to ensure the user enters the correct value and an input mask controls the MembershipNumber, so that data is entered in the appropriate format.3. frmRivals Again the Rivals form works in a similar fashion to Players and Fixtures. Buttons on the cover control adding and deleting functions and a combo box is used for navigation. Validation is ensured by using an auto number data type to automatically update the TeamCode attribute. 4. frmTournament The tournament form works exactly the same as the preceding(prenominal) forms, with add and delete buttons clearly labelled and a combo box for navigation. The TournamentCode attribute does not require input as it is an auto number ensuring validation. 5. frmFixture Statistics This form is directly different form the previous forms.In this form a user can manipulate data in the Players-Fixtures entity. The user can view specific fixtures through a combo box, when a fixture is selected it will open a sub form containing all the data about the players whom played in that match. Here new data can be added about a fixture or incorrect data can be corrected. The FixtureCode and MembershipNumber attributes will be controlled by a combo box, eliminating user error and the consistency of the data. 2. 4 examination Design For the system to perform the function required of it queries are used to extract the precise data from the database.